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Leading scientists and science writers reflect on the life-changing, perspective-changing, new science of human goodness.
In these pages you will hear from Steven Pinker, who asks, “Why is there peace?”; Robert Sapolsky, who examines violence among primates; Paul Ekman, who talks with the Dalai Lama about global compassion; Daniel Goleman, who proposes “constructive anger”; and many others. Led by renowned psychologist Dacher Keltner, the Greater Good Science Center, based at the University of California in Berkeley, has been at the forefront of the positive psychology movement, making discoveries about how and why people do good. Four times a year the center publishes its findings with essays on forgiveness, moral inspiration, and everyday ethics in Greater Good magazine. The best of these writings are collected here for the first time.A collection of personal stories and empirical research, The Compassionate Instinct will make you think not only about what it means to be happy and fulfilled but also about what it means to lead an ethical and compassionate life. 25 illustrations
- Sales Rank: #145894 in Books
- Brand: Keltner, Dacher (EDT)/ Marsh, Jason (EDT)/ Smith, Jeremy Adam (EDT)
- Published on: 2010-01-04
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.30" h x .90" w x 5.50" l, .59 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 336 pages
From Booklist
Why would a Palestinian ambulance driver pledge to help a wounded Israeli soldier who had killed his brother? In contemplating the remarkable commitment of this ambulance driver—and in dozens of other settings—the contributors to this volume recognize an aspect of human nature that has long eluded scientific scrutiny. But in the 35 essays and interviews here collected (all originally published in Berkeley’s Greater Good magazine), readers watch talented psychologists, neurologists, and primatologists investigate the riddles of human compassion. In the selections gathered in the first section, contributors probe the mysterious origins of human empathy, limning an evolutionary history that has primed the human brain for selflessness. In the second section, contributors explore ways to convert our biochemical potential for altruism into day-to-day behavior. Readers learn, for example, how wise management policies can promote caring collaboration even in the cubicle labyrinth. And in the final section, contributors outline strategies—such as anti-bystander education—for fostering ethical health in society as a whole. Though uneven, this collection stimulates serious reflection. --Bryce Christensen
Review
“The short, accessible essays...underscore empathy, forgiveness, gratitude, happiness, trust, and apology.... A readable digest of current work in positive psychology for a general audience.” (E. James Lieberman - Library Journal)
“[T]his collection stimulates serious reflection.” (Booklist)
About the Author
Dacher Keltner is Professor of Psychology and the Director of the Greater Good Science Center at the University of California, Berkeley. He has taught social psychology for the past 21 years and is the recipient of the Distinguished Teaching Award for Letters and Sciences. His research focuses on the prosocial emotions (such as love, sympathy, and gratitude), morality, and power. Other awards include the Western Psychological Association’s award for outstanding contribution to research, the Positive Psychology Prize for excellence in research, and the Distinguished Mentoring Award at UC Berkeley. He is a fellow of the American Psychological Association, the American Psychological Society, and the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. In 2008, the Utne Reader listed Dacher as one of the 50 visionaries changing the world.
Jason Marsh is an editor of Greater Good magazine. He lives in Berkeley, CA.
Jeremy Adam Smith is the senior editor of Greater Good magazine and the author of The Daddy Shift. He lives in San Francisco.
Most helpful customer reviews
32 of 35 people found the following review helpful.
Extraordinary Collection, Unique, Timely, No Notes
By Robert David STEELE Vivas
This is a truly extraordinary collection of essays from the magazine Greater Good, a magazine I had no idea existed. The editors have done a tremendous job in selecting 35 essays (click on the cover above to see the Table of Contents and over all I am hugely impressed.
Multiple literatures are in convergences, from the consciousness side to the global brain side to the waging peace side. I arrived at this book from the "beyond genes to culture" side, and list ten other recommended books spanning those literatures at the end of this review.
My notes:
+ 33 authors, 35 essays, drawn from the 2004-2009 timeframe as published in Greater Good, a magazine
+ Herb Alpert Foundation helped make this book possible
+ Three parts to the book: scientific roots; cultivating local goodness; cultivating goodness in society and politics
+ Science stories include evolutionary studies on peacemaking; neuroscientific experiments; and research into hormones like oxytocin that promote trust and generosity, meaning that kindness really is its own reward and that it is contagious
+ This is the point at which I write "no notes, infuriating," normally a one star deduction
QUOTE: "Compassion is deeply rooted and has a biological basis in the brain and the body
+ Compassion by example is contagious; compassion demanded by force is not
+ Distress attracts empathy; empathy is useful in widening the circle of compassion
+ Political ideology is the OPPOSITE of compassion and empathy as ideology is exclusive and narrowing
+ CULTURE is the antidote to cults and closed circles
+ Multicultural exposure of the young is a vital factor in helping young adults see others as individuals rather than as "the other" [the genocide literature pioneered by Dr. Greg Stanton, conceptualizer of the eight stages of genocide, notes that stage one is the demonizing of "the other" into non-human status]
+ Empathy reduces fear
+ Compassion is a natural instinct--one story cites SLA Marshall's studies of war, that only 20% of those armed and on the front lines actually fire for effect--this means that the lengths we go to in order to instill a killer instinct and in "manufacturing contempt" for our enemies has huge costs to society
+ Fascinating discussion of how there is a natural tendency for individuals to seek to acquire power, but there is an EQUAL natural tendency for individuals to resist those who bully, abuse, or take more than a fair share
+ Forgiveness is an instinct, and is most common under conditions of plenty
+ An emerging science of forgiveness is finding that it improves health, relationships, and can be learned but we do not understand it completely and do not know how to promulgate the art and science to others
+ Gratitude greases the future and elevates one's reputation with those being thanked
+ Gratitude is contagious, employers are advised to welcome compassion in the workplace and NOT strive for "cold ruthless efficiency" which loses a certain humanity that actually IMPROVES workplace productivity
+ Emerging studies of positive or anomalously joyful workplaces
+ Power, even slight power, corrupts and degrades judgment; worse the abuser of power is oblivious to the brutality of what they are doing--I am reminded of the "kiss up kick down" attitude that prevails among some of our cold war civilians and their striving mid-grade population
+ Service, like gratitude and compassion, is self-healing
+ Poetry is about the possible; poetry is special because it elicits and inspires empathy
+ Adam Smith also wrote THEORY OF MORAL SENTIMENTS, THE (The Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith, 1)
+ Franz Kafka is quoted as saying that war is a failure of imagination
+ Science of social intelligence is emerging, focusing on three kinds of empathy: cognitive, emotional, and compassionate
+ "Diffusion of responsibility" can cripple crowd response to cry for help or offer help to a single individual
+ "Pluralistic ignorance" is a form of contagious apathy
+ Robert Reich contributes a piece on how the social contract is in ruins, leaders must help focus on commonalities. I cannot help but wonder what he thinks of Obama-Biden continuing Empire as Usual abroad, and Wall Street bail-outs at home
+ Trust matters, has an economic value and is essential to democracy. I think of The Cheating Culture: Why More Americans Are Doing Wrong to Get Ahead and Screwed: The Undeclared War Against the Middle Class - And What We Can Do about It (BK Currents (Paperback)) as well as Grand Illusion: The Myth of Voter Choice in a Two-Party Tyranny.
+ Good piece on how what you eat is ethics in motion
+ Excellent piece on apologies, discussing the four parts: acknowledgement of the offense; explanation; expression of remorse, shame and humility; and finally reparation. The same piece points out that US "apologies" for Abu Ghraib failed all four parts.
+ The same piece addresses how religious apologies to other religions, or cultural apologies between competing cultures, are a beginning toward truth and reconciliation and possibilities for peace
+ Desmond Tutu is in this book on the topic of truth & reconciliation, he writes "True reconciliation is based on foregiveness, and foregiveness is based on true confession, and confession is based on penitence, on contrition, on sorrow for what you have done." See also Unspeakable Truths: Facing the Challenges of Truth Commissions.
Bottom line for my own interest in creating a prosperous world at peace: Foregiveness creates a possibility for a shared future; peace is made by widening the circle of emphathy and compassion.
The Dalai Lama is repreesented in the book, speaking of the importance of educating people as the first step--I am reminded of Thomas Jefferson saying that "A Nation's best defense is an educated citizenry."
Five other recommendations (see all of my reviews in easy to access categories (98 of them) at Phi Beta Iota, the Public Intelligence Blog):
All Rise: Somebodies, Nobodies, and the Politics of Dignity (BK Currents (Hardcover))
Conscious Evolution: Awakening Our Social Potential
Nonzero: The Logic of Human Destiny
Collective Intelligence: Creating a Prosperous World at Peace
A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility--Report of the Secretary-General's High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
stunning book!
By Chris S.
Full of good science but readily approachable by non-scientists as well, this collection of works by esteemed authors offers little snippets of amazing insights into how humans might become more compassionate. Most of the works are short synopses of larger publications by known experts in their field. The areas covered range from (mostly) the natural and social sciences to (a few on) politics and religion. Each one is quite short, making it easy to get through and grasp their key points, often in a humorous or mind-expanding way. Each is also a complete, stand-alone piece, independent of the others in the book. Poke around, delve here and there, put it aside and come back to it later -- or read them all, almost straight through, as I did. They're wonderful!!! (P.S. Don't miss the intro by Keltner or the final piece by Zimbardo and his colleague -- fabulous!!!)
10 of 12 people found the following review helpful.
The Science of Human Goodness
By Orlando's_reviews
The Science of Human Goodness. (Have you heard of such a thing?)
This is a find from the library yesterday, I started reading it at the coffee shop in town, and after a couple hours there I got in the car with it, I could not drive well, I was driving while brain & heart-stimulated, DWHP ?.
I managed to get home safely, went to my desk and kept on reading. I could not put the book down until I had completely read all the essays and stories, each one, handpicked by the editors from the Greater Good Magazine, published by Berkeley University.
[...]
I didn't know that Berkeley University had a: "Greater Good Science Center".
Along with the stories and essays, there is a micro biography of each author and their works, a complete Bibliography of current scientific thinking about Human Goodness. Read it, you will be happy you did and full of hope for the future of mankind. I wish I could drop everything I am doing now, and become a Greater Good scholar at Berkeley. (But I have to get back to keep on learning how to program the iPhone).
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